MARATHI MANUSH! How Do You Do? Looking Forward to Meet You Once Again!

 

MARATHI MANUSH! How Do You Do? Looking Forward to Meet You Once Again!

Indian Holocaust My Father`s Life and Time - Two Hundred EIGHTY SIX

Palash Biswas

http://indianholocaustmyfatherslifeandtime.blogspot.com/

 

Govt to debate fuel pricing on Feb 14

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Reuters

Posted: Feb 11, 2010 at 1349 hrs IST

 

New Delhi India's finance and oil ministers will meet on Feb. 14 to discuss fuel pricing and subsidies, a senior government official, who did not want to be identified, said.

 

11/02/2010

Balasahab, Udhav have misconstrued my words: SRK

New Delhi: Bollywood superstar Shah Rukh Khan is extremely upset that Shiv Sena chief Bal Thackeray and his son Udhav Thackeray "misconstrued" his comments and are now protesting against the release of his film "My Name Is Khan".

"(I) feel awful that Balasahib and Udhav have misconstrued my words. The reactions of the Sena workers seem to make me believe that. Don't want mayhem, anger and violence cos of our beautiful film...which talks about repairing a bruised and divided world," Shah Rukh posted on microblogging site Twitter.

"I may not have the same ideologies as the Sena, but on the question of me being a patriot, I don't think there should be any confusion," he added.

The actor, who has been under attack from the Shiv Sena for his comment on the inclusion of Pakistani players in the Indian Premier League (IPL) T20 cricket tournament, is taking help of the social networking site to clarify his stance once and for all - so that his movie releases without any hindrance.

 

India way ahead of China in missile programme

Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) Director V.K. Saraswat said that India's anti-ballistic missile defence programme is way ahead of China's programme.

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http://news.in.msn.com/national/article.aspx?cp-documentid=3622936

MARATHI MANUSH!

Jai Bharat! Jai MAHARASHTRA!

 How Do You Do?

Looking Forward to Meet You Once Again!

Last year, I had been in Jalgaon and Mumbai in January 2009 but could not Visit Marthawada and Bidarbha in and around Nagpur. I addressed our people in Mumbai Press Club and spoke hours on Maratha Manush. The Press club is just on the Right Side of Maharashtra Patrakar Sangh. I was dealing with Nationwide Indigenous Aboriginal resistance and Renaissance, Partition of India, Pune Pact, economic reforms, Free Market Democracy, Maratha Manush, Refugees, Slum dwellers and Underclasses! The Crisis of Identities and existence as well as ETHNONATIONALISM evoked by the Market Dominating Community and fascist imperialist Zionist Blind Nationalism to Cover Monopolistic aggression against Indigenous aboriginal communities! No body did protest as many Shiv Sena supporters seemed to be the part of the audience! Later, I interacted with different social groups including economists, social activists and trade Union activists in different part of Mumabi. I addressed Public Meeting under the open sky in Panchola Jalgaon during Loksahi Utsav and spoke hours, then interacted with the audience. I was loved and felt the warmth of Maratha Manush in my heart and mind. I assured you to get back soon. I would be leaving Kolkata to meet you in Nagpur, Chandrapur, garh Chiroli and Bhandara!

Friends, I am against the Political Intrigue which ISOLATES, alienates the Marathi Manush. For me the Asmita of Marathi Manush is not so social or religious, even not Political. It is ECONOMIC! As Economic reforms turn to be an agenda to Accomplish Mass Destruction Agenda with Monopolistic Aggression , it Never remains the problem of only Marathi Manush. Ethnonationalism evoked by the Market dominating Communities subvert the Real Problem, which is most genuine and which I support with all my knowledge and strength, to get the Political Mileage with WWF Pattern not so unknown in all over India!

In January last only , I wrote an article on this issue which was Published in Lokmat Samachar, Nagpur! I had been blogging all the year round to make you aware how you have been reduced as pitiable PAWNS! The Peasantry in Bidarbha has no way to sustain itself and opts to commit suicide while the MIC of India Incs Govt. belongs to Maharashtra. Oil economy undermines the Country, MIC Petroleum belongs to Maharashtra! Defence Budget is the GENERATOR to supply electricity for Ethnic Cleansing and the MIC Defence belongs to Maharashtra. Aviation industry is in crisis, MIC Aviation also belongs to Maharashtra. The self styled spokes Persons have very sweet relations with all these gentlemen and India Incs, the extra Constitutional Elements who run the Government, Decides anti People Policies, Makes Laws anti People. Mumabi is Most Endangered from within as far as Terror strike as are Concerned! Neither the centre nor the state cares for the Mumbaikar!

These issues are never raised by the leaders who represent the Maratha Manush. They talk so many things on and about Mumbaikars but Never do mention Marathawada and Bidarbha, Sez Drive and Livelihood Lost or Job loss! It seems very strange to me. The help congress to make a SUPER Hero out of Zionist Foreign Origin ruling dynasty! I Never believe that it was quite Impossible to stop the Ruling hegemony and its plan to be implemented but it was not to be!

Tell me what do you gain opposing the North Indians and some Bollywood Films, Cricket teams or some films so passionately?

 

While you lose your Position to lead India as you DESERVE most! Because this Ethnonationalism is used to Create Unprecedented Hate for the Marathi Manush! Your Problem is rooted in Free market democracy and the Zionist Brahaminical system and you Never try to locate the Real fault!

 

You do attack against yourself as Mumbai, the best place to live in and Business, turns into Hell Breaking losing its Cosmopolitan character. Mukesh Ambani created the Planned Furore to shift Reliance headquarters form Mumbai to Jamnagar!

 

 Since you do happen Hyper sensitive , you do not feel the Systematic Flight of capital from Mumbai as you do neglect the Economic Ethnic Cleansing and Never do know about the Activities of Anti National Immoral Impostors leading the Country for US War economy and Zionist interests.

 

Marathi Manush is as persecuted in his home as other Indigenous and aboriginal identities are. But the LPG Mafia targets most Mumbai to modify the Economy and Politics in accordance with India Incs and MNC wishes! You Never do stand against UNIQUE Identify Number project which would rather flash out Slum Dweller Marathies from prime Properties.

 

You Never do stand to defend the Peasantry and agriculture in Deep Crisis. You Never do seem a little bit interested to Protect Trade Union and Labour Rights, even Human and Civil Rights and Citizenship endangered! You Never do Protest KNOWLEDGE Economy which deprives Marathi Manush Most!

 

You do not oppose Builders and Promoters and LPG Mafia who SNATCH away Life, Home , Land and Property of the Marathi Manush!You Never Protested Disinvestment and Divestment, economic reforms, price rises, man made calamities, Privatisation of Welfare State and Corporatisation of Politics and alignment of Politicians with MONEY Machine as they FEED the Killer Money machine with your Blood, Bones and Flesh!

I am in deep grief that you do undermine our joint Front Historical while Maharashtra used to lead India and the South Asian geopolitics for centuries!

What do you gain at last?

 

As his film 'My Name Is Khan' readies for release on Friday amid unprecedented security in Mumbai theatres, Bollywood superstar Shah Rukh Khan prays for peace and says his integrity is "non-negotiable."

Keeping his fingers crossed, the 44-year-old star also says his stardom is transient and wants a "closure" in the tense row with the Shiv Sena which has threatened to disrupt the film's screening if he does not apologise for his remarks favouring inclusion of Pakistani cricket players in IPL.

 

"My stardom is transient. my integrity in non negotiable ...my being indian unquestionable...hope peace prevails. Hope misunderstandings get cleared. hope nobody is hurt. hope all leaders & activists have largesse of heart. hope...," Khan, who is currently in Berlin for the premiere of his film, tweeted.

 

"nobody wants the mumbaikers or their property hurt & destroyed. least of all me." 1,600 Shiv Sena activists have been arrested so far to ensure a peaceful release of the film.

 

Shah Rukh also said he is making his point clear for the last time and sought closure, praying for peace in the city, which he owes everything to.

 

"this also is the last time i clarify or say anything on this topic. this is not a justification, its just reiterating the facts," he said.

 

"i may not have the same ideologies as the sena but on the question of me being a patriot, i dont think there should be any confusion. feel awful that balasahib & udhav have misconstrued my words. the reactions of the sena workers seems to make me believe that (sic)," he said.

The actor also hit out at detractors for alleging that the whole controversy was created to gain publicity for the film ahead of its release.

 

"i want to enjoy my film everywhere. i want to enjoy it within myself. and to sickos who think this is for publicity..2 words SHUT UP !!," wrote an angry Shah Rukh. The actor said that he decided to speak out because he wanted to clear the misunderstanding.

 

"i have the courage of conviction by my side. i explain becos better to do that, than create aggression & division in my country. i have no ego or false sense of pride. my words have been benign & without ill will to any person (s) or my nation (sic)," the actor said.

 

"dont want mayhem anger and violence cos of our beautiful film...which talks about repairing a bruised & divided world. writing not to justify but to spell out clearly who i am & my beliefs. seems otherwise i am misunderstood. should i write in block letters?," he added.

Khan said he owed everything to Mumbai and wanted a peaceful release of the film.

 

"nationality: indian. born in : delhi. owe everything to: mumbai. loves: my country india, my family & freedom. desire: entertain all...ironic & sad. a film made for world peace has led to so much angst in my own house.my city.my country. Let not anyone be hurt is all i pray (sic)," he said.

 

The film has been dogged by controversy since the beginning, be it Khan's US airport detention or the Shiv Sena threat.

 

Khan play a man suffering from Asperger's Syndrome in the movie, who is mistaken for a terrorist in the post 9/11 America and undertakes a long journey across the US to prove his innocence to the love of his life, played by Kajol. Directed by Karan Johar and co-produced by Khan, the film is receiving positive reviews, much to the relief of Khan.

 

MNS uses Sena's anti-SRK protest to target Big B

 

 MNS chief Raj Thackeray accused Shiv Sena of adopting dual standards, saying the party was insisting on an apology from Shah Rukh Khan over his pro-Pakistan remarks while keeping mum on megastar Amitabh Bachchan's campaign for good ties with that country.

"Just because Shah Rukh Khan made one comment, you (Sena) are insisting that he apologise. Why is the same criteria not being applied to Amitabh Bachchan, who yesterday performed with Pakistanis," Raj said.

"Why is no one asking Amitabh to apologise," Raj said adding MNS will not participate in agitation against 'My Name Is Khan', which is releasing tomorrow.

Bachchan is part of a peace initiative aimed at promoting good ties with the neighbouring country. He has faced criticism in the past from MNS which accused him of ignoring Maharashtra where he earned name and fame.

 

Multiplexes turn into fortresses ahead of MNIK release

 

Mumbai cinema theatres on Thursday turned into virtual fortresses ahead of Friday's release of the Shah Rukh Khan starrer 'My Name is Khan' as Shiv Sena kept up its attack on the Maharashtra government for siding with the actor, whom it branded a 'Pakistan lover.'

Over 1,600 Sena activists, including functionaries, have been arrested in the last two days to thwart protests by the saffron outfit, which has vowed not to allow screening of the mega budget film till the actor apologised for his remarks favouring Pakistani players in IPL-3. In an editorial titled 'My Name is Ashok Khan', Shiv Sena mouthpiece 'Saamana' flayed Maharashtra Chief Minister

Ashok Chavan, saying he was siding with Khan, 'a Pakistan lover', to retain his chief ministerial chair.

"Produce a film 'My Name is Kasab' and hand over the nationalist youth opposing it, to Pakistan. Ashok Khan, we are sure you will do it," the editorial said. The Sena also claimed that the state government prevented a meeting between party Chief Bal Thackeray and the actor. "Khan had expressed willingness to meet Thackeray after his US trip to resolve the issue. However, the ruling

Congress-NCP combine foiled the bid, saying the government was capable of tackling the Shiv Sainiks," it said. "SRK has now declared in Abu Dhabi that he would be meeting Thackeray to ensure smooth release of his film in Maharashtra," the newspaper said.

MNS chief Raj Thackeray said his party is not going to take part in the ongoing agitation against Khan and would concentrate on working in the interest of Marathi people. Accusing Shiv Sena of adopting double standards, Raj asked why megastar Amitabh Bachchan was not being targeted for sharing dais with an actor from the neighbouring country. "Recently, Amitabh Bachchan shared dais with Pakistani actor Zia Mohyeddin in a media-sponsored programme. But the issue was not raised like that of Khan," Raj told reporters here.

Terming Bachchan's behaviour as a "duplicity", Raj said, "Amitabh refused to accept honour from an Australian university last year (to protest attacks on Indians there), then how can he share dais with Pakistani actor when terrorists from the same country attacked us." On the Government's stand on the issue, Raj said it is true that the law and order situation is not good but he would not like to speak anything on handling of the matter.

To prevent cine-goers from the ire of Shiv Sena, the city police has made elaborate security arrangements. "Elaborate security measures have been adopted to ensure no untoward incident happens (before and after the release of the movie). Nobody would be spared for taking law into their hands," warned Home Minister R R Patil. The theatre-owners have been asked to install Night Vision Cameras that would enable police to identify troublemakers in case of any untoward incident.

They have also been advised to keep the first three rows vacant and deploy at least two security guards inside the hall so that incidents such as ripping off screens with sharp instruments by troublemakers can be averted. Notices warning Sena party leaders not to create law and order problems have been issued by the police. Police Commissioner D Sivanandan has issued guidelines to all the police stations regarding security arrangements

Pak not dismantling terror group won't hit talks: Antony

New Delhi India on Thursday said its Foreign Secretary-level talks with Pakistan will "not be affected" despite increased infiltration by militants from across the border or the neighbouring nation failing to dismantle terror groups operating from its soil.

Defence Minister A K Antony, however, said Pakistan had taken "some action" against the terrorists responsible for the 26/11 Mumbai attacks as per India's wishes and that was why India had taken a conscious decision to go ahead with the dialogue.

"It (infiltration and failure to dismantle terror groups) won't affect our dialogue or the scheduled meeting at the foreign secretaries level," Antony told reporters here on the sidelines of an Institute of Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA) Conference on Asian Security.

"It is not sudden talks. We have been watching what action Pakistan has been taking (against terror groups responsible for Mumbai attacks). Even though we are not fully satisfied on the action taken by Pakistan, we feel they have taken some action as per our wish. So it is a positive development. So we decided to initiate talks," he said.

He was responding to queries if the composite dialogue would be affected due to infiltration and terror groups still operating from Pakistani soil, and if there was any pressure on India to hold the talks.

"India has taken a conscious decision after seeing some signs from Pakistan to take action (against terrorists). That's why the talks were initiated by our side," he added.

Antony said infiltration by militants into Jammu and Kashmir had seen an increase this year compared to last year and there was "a calculated" plan behind the spurt "because in the last few years, especially last year, the law and order situation in the state has improved and violence levels come down."

Noting that it was "a happy" situation for peace-loving people both within India and outside, he said there were forces bent upon creating "chaos and trouble". They were "disturbed and perturbed that situation is going in different direction."

The Defence Minister said there was "a conscious attempt from them" to create trouble in Jammu and Kashmir, but refused to name the forces he was referring to.

Maintaining that 42 terrorist outfits operating from across the border were still intact, he said, "There is no attempt by government of Pakistan to dismantle these terror outfits. It is a matter of concern for us."

Earlier, addressing the IDSA conference, Antony said the terror infrastructure continued to thrive on Pakistani soil and that India continued to be firm with its demand that Pakistan must put an end to terror activities emanating from its soil.

Pointing out that the Indo-Pak relations always had a huge bearing on regional peace and security, he said India's willingness to resume negotiations with Pakistan must be seen against this backdrop.

 

'Green snake' reference not for Mulayam: Amar
New Delhi Hours after attacking Mulayam Singh Yadav, Amar Singh on Thursday night said that his reference to "green snake in the grass" did not allude to the SP chief but was a general comment on those professing to be secular.

Singh, who earlier in the day had launched a scathing attack on Yadav, blaming him for allying with Kalyan Singh for wooing OBC votes at the expense of angering SP's traditional Muslim base, said, "I never called Mulayam Singh Yadav a snake. I only made the reference of "green snake in the grass" on a general basis."

He added that the reference was "for anybody who professes to be secular and made alliances on the basis of secular thought. It was not in context of Mulayam Singh Yadav".

 

Sensex rebounds, closes up 230.42 pts

 Mumbai The Bombay Stock Exchange benchmark index Sensex surged 230 points and regained the psychologically sensitive 16,000-level on all-round buying by funds and investors amid firming global sentiment.

Following strong Asian markets, the Sensex surged 174 points in opening trade and continued to rally throughout the day and touched a high of 16,202.87 before ending the day 230.42 points higher at 16.152.59.

The rally was led by surge in refinery stocks and expectations of positive IIP data to be released later, triggering all round buying by funds. These factors even shrugged off a higher food inflation which touched almost 18 per cent for the week ended January 30.

A moderate improvement in the January exports data also helped the sentiment, said marketmen. January exports grew 11.5 per cent to touch 14.34 billion dollar, recording a third consecutive month of growth.

Marketmen also said funds picked up fundamentally strong stocks ahead of a long week-end. The market will be closed tomorrow for Mahashivratri.

The wide-based NSE Nifty too by shot up by 69.65 points to 4,826.85. After opening 53 points up, the index touched the day's high of 4,843.80 on heavy buying on Asian cues and higher European opening.

The oil and gas sector gained the most rising 2.25 per cent as the segment major and Sensex heaviest Reliance shot up by Rs 32.85 to Rs 1,017.50, followed by ONGC that rose by Rs 12.25 to Rs 1,100.

 

 

Expressindia » Story

VHP, Bajrang Dal 'request' boycott of SRK film in Gujarat

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Express news service

Posted: Feb 11, 2010 at 1445 hrs IST

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Ahmedabad While they have not taken to streets like the Shiv Sainiks in Maharashtra, the VHP and Bajrang Dal have nevertheless stepped in to stop the advance booking of the Shah Rukh Khan starrer 'My Name Is Khan' in Ahmedabad, a day before the movie's release. VHP and Bajrang Dal activists are 'requesting' mutliplex owners as well as the audience to boycott the film viewing and in a strange twist to the controversy, an NCP leader led the protests in Surat. One of the theatre owners has filed a complaint in a police station against the NCP leader.

Fearing a backlash from the hardline outfits, multiplex owners and single screen theatres have stopped the advance bookings for the movie with the activists asking them to abstain from releasing the movie 'of an actor who openly supports Pakistan cricketers.' In Rajkot, while the Shiv Sena outfit has maintained silence on the issue, it is the VHP which has taken an agressive stand.

VHP State General Secretary Kaushik Mehta said, "We have told the multiplex owners not to release the movie of Khan as he was openly supporting the Pakistan players. We are also requesting the people to boycott the movie of such an actor." Asked if they will allow the movie to release, Bajrang Dal activist and general secretary Ahmedabad Ashwin Patel said, "We have asked them stop advance booking. Where does the question of releasing the movie arise? If they release the movie we will decide what to do then."

In Ahmedabad, R-World supervisor Jaimin Shukla said, "Bajrang Dal activists had come to us to close down the advance booking of the movie. We will release the movie only if we get a go ahead from the head office." Another multiplex owner stopped bookings for MNIK. Manu Patel of Wide Angle said, "Some activists had come to us to stop the booking and not to screen the movie to avoid trouble. We will have to do as they say. We cannot afford to get into trouble."

Ashok Purohit, a member of the Multiplex Owners Association of Gujarat, however, downplayed the threat. "Some people requested a few multiplex owners not to screen the movie. We instead requested them not to object to the release of the movie", he said. Films like Aamir Khan starrer Fanaa and Parzania were earlier not allowed to be screened in Gujarat.

http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/VHP-Bajrang-Dal-request-boycott-of-SRK-film-in-Gujarat/578565/

Good one...

A Gujju, a Bhaiyya and a Bihari & Malayali died and were facing Yama.

Yama asked them if they wanted some facilities & told Chitragupt to
decide on their accommodation.

The Gujju said : "Hey Yambhai, aa marathi loko toh mane shaanti thi
jeeva nathi deta. Maari dukaan fodi naakhi. Aa marathi loko ekdum
junglee chhe. Mane maari baaju maa marathi maanas nathi joto."

The UP wala said : "Theek kaha gujjubhai ne. Shriman Yam, in marathi
logo ne to hamara jeena hi mushkil kar diya hai....eemaan se! Arre,
meri dukaan ka board bhi kala kar diya. Kahat rahi ki dukaan ka naam marathi bhasha mein hona chaahiye.. Ab ee bhi koi baat hui kya?

Mujhe bhi mere baaju mein marathi aadmi nahi chaahiye." The Bihari
said
:
"Yeh dono sajjan aadmi theek kahat hain. Arre main thode din pehle
railway ki pariksa dene mumbai gaya tha.

Raam Lalla ki sougandh, in marathi logun ne humka bahut hi peeta.
Hamaar haddi pasli ek kardi. Aisa junglee marathi humka hamaar saath
naahi chaahiye."

The Malayali said : " Merego bhi meraathi admi nahin mengdai behut
bereshaan kerdai yeh.. Kuch kaam kerne ko nahi aata phir bhi hoshiyari
maarke kaheta hai ki tumko hemara mumbai se nikal dega.

Yama turns to Chitragupt : "AAAYLA CHITRYA, YA SAGLYANCHYA FILES
MAJHYAKADE GHEUN YE RE!!!
BAGHTO EKEKALA"
http://www.citehr.com/40178-marathi-manus-funny.html

 

Resolved Question

Show me another »

Is it Congress that is behind this "Marathi Manush Mess" this time? Look how.........?

Shivasena was more interested in Hindu Unity. Even Bala Saheb's own grandson wrote poems in Hindi that was inaugurated by Amitabh Bachchan in presence of Bala Saheb Thakarey.

Then Congress came in the scene. By using the family disputes of Thakarays, Congress used Raj as his puppet and you can see that under the rule of Congress Raj kept beating north Indians and Congress controlled it from the back of the stage. Marathi Leaders themselves gave very stupid statements on this. Otherwise please tell me why wasn't any action taken against Raj?

Moreover Marathi Manush supported him and when Shivasena saw this, they has also jumped into this Marathi issue after getting rid of the issue of Hindutwa.

Hindustan and Hindu Unity has been shattered again. Thanks to Congress and his puppet Raj Thakaray.

• 1 week ago

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by MS - In Search of Peace

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Shiv Sena, Hindu Unity all these are old songs and not even now days heard on Vividh Bharati, and no one believes on these. Writing poems Hindi is a profession to earn money, not to prove loyalty.

MNS and Shiv Sena Stands on the same grounds, do I have to remind the reason for the formation of the Shiv Sena? Do I have to remind how did Shiv Sena became the Shiv Sena and Bal Thakare a migrant from Balaghat Madhaya Pradesh to Maharashtra became became The Bal Thakare of Mumbai?

First of all who is responsible for the very existence of Shiv Sena? That is congress. And that is according to the theory that is mentioned by you in your question.

Congress governments in Maharashtra failed to put a full stop to the destructive and dangerous politics of Bal Thakare right from 1960s, may it be against South Indians, North Indians or Muslims.

You have raised a question based on your own speculations and your own mathematics that does not have any basis, such as Congress used Raj as its Puppet, Congress controlled Raj from back. And then you asked question "Otherwise please tell me why wasn't any action taken against Raj?"

I have answer for you, there was no action against Raj for the very same reason as there was no reason against Bal Thakarey from 1960s till date.

Now read my analysis of this entire episode:

Shiv Sena that was a family based party, had internal power fights for the party's top position, and Bal Thakare selected his Son over the capable nephew. And that is where Raj Thakare who had learned politics from his uncle broke up and started his own party and started his dangerous activities in his uncle's style.

Now Shiv Sena's main agenda of Marathi Manoos is snatched from them, and the ground reality is that, Shiv Sena - BJP got a big set back in Maharashtra.

Then comes Big Brother, RSS to play rescue-rescue game.

RSS says, we will protect North Indians in Mumbai from Shiv Sena - MNS. And within no time Shiv Sena grabs the statement ans opposes it. Visibly for the time being agenda is back to Shiv Sena.

- RSS did not come for the so called rescue of south Indians, Muslims or North Indian for the decades from Shiv Sena.

- And RSS will do nothing, absolutely nothing other than these statements from Mr. Ram Madhav and Mr. Bhagwat only to give chance to Shiv Sena to aggravate their Marathi Manoos Agenda. This is only to help, RSS's political wing BJP and its alliance partner Shiv Sena to survive in Maharashtra.

Off course this was mainly to help BJP in Bihar elections as immediate benefit.

And I can assure from my experience with Indian politics, the day is not far away when you and I will see family re-union, and this re-union will happen when Bal Thakare will realize that his son is fit for nothing, and for the survival of Shiv Sena he needs Raj Thakare. Bal Thakare himself will pacify Raj Thakare and bring him back. Off course that is my speculation, but I am 99% sure.

Last and not the least, in Indian politics, I don't want to see anyone who is working on Hindu Unity alone but I want to see who works on unity of all Indians. And in entire Thakare family no one is working on any unity, but only divide-divide-divide. They are more dangerous than BSP.

• 1 week ago

http://in.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100201220753AAK9mEA

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  Get help by asking Community, Government, and other category questions and receive answers from local businesses and local neighbors.
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• Mohan Bhagwat RSS Marathi Manush | मराठी मुद्दे पर ...

   - [ Translate this page ]
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  30 Jan 2010 ... FDIC clocks 15 bank failures so far in 2010. 30 Jan 2010, 0927 hrs IST, REUTERS.
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Economy of Maharashtra

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Gross State Domestic Product at Current Prices (93–94 Base) figures in crores of Indian Rupees
Year	Gross State Domestic Product
1980	16,631
1985	29,616
1990	64,433
1995	157,818
2000	238,672

Nariman Point in Mumbai

Maharashtra's gross state domestic product for 2004 is estimated at $106 billion in current prices. Maharastra is second-most urbanised state with urban population of 42% of whole population.
Mumbai, the capital of Maharashtra houses the headquarters of almost all major banks, financial institutions, insurance companies and mutual funds. Within Mumbai is located Bollywood, the centre of India's Hindi film and television industry. India's largest stock exchange Bombay Stock Exchange, oldest in Asia, is located in the city. After successes in the information technology in the neighbouring states, Maharashtra has set up software parks in Pune,Mumbai, Navi Mumbai, Nagpur and Nasik, Now maharashtra is second largest exporter of software with exports of Rs 18000cr (20% of India's exports). Maharashtra ranks first nationwide in coal-based thermal electricity as well as nuclear electricity generation with national market shares of over 13% and 17% respectively. Maharashtra is also introducing Jatropha cultivation and has started a project for the identification of suitable sites for Jatropha plantations.^[1] Ralegaon Siddhi is a village in Ahmednagar District that is considered a model of environmental conservation. ^[2] Over 41% of the S&P CNX 500 conglomerates have corporate offices in Maharashtra.

[edit] Industry

Maharashtra's is India's leading industrial state contributing 13% of national industrial output. 64.14% of the people are employed in agriculture and allied activities. Almost 46% of the GSDP is contributed by industry.
Maharashtra has had an immense tradition in textiles and Mumbai city was the original home of India's textile mills. Other centres of weaving has come up like Malegaon and Bhewandi.
Sugar industry has made considerable progress specially in the co-operative sector. Maharashtra is well-known for the development of sugar industry on co-operative lines in which the farmers acquire a share in the sugar mills. Pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, heavy chemicals, electronics, automobiles, engineering, food processing, and plastics are some of the major industries of the state. Maharashtra is renowned for the production of 3 wheelers, jeeps, commercial vehicles and cars, synthetic fibers, cold rolled products and industrial alcohol. Small scale industries have also come up in a big way in the state. The state capital Mumbai is called as an industrial city. Industrial development in the state is largely concentrated in Mumbai. The six important industries in the district are cotton textiles, chemicals, machinery, electricals, transport and metallurgy.^[3] These industries also provide employment to a considerable number of people in Mumbai.

[edit] Agriculture

Although, Maharashtra is a highly industrialized state of India, agriculture continues to be the main occupation of the state. Principal crops include rice, Jowar, Bajra, wheat, pulses, turmeric, onions, cotton, sugarcane and several oil seeds including groundnut, sunflower and soyabean. The state has huge areas, under fruit cultivation of which mangoes, bananas, grapes, and oranges are the main ones. Irrigation facilities are being extended so that agriculture could be made less dependent upon rain water. The net irrigated area totals 33,500 square kilometres.

Co-oprative Sector

1. ^ "Identification of suitable sites for Jatropha plantation in Maharashtra using remote sensing and GIS". University of Pune. http://www.unipune.ernet.in/dept/geography/vhdeosthali_files/jatropha.htm. Retrieved 2006-11-15. 
2. ^ "A model Indian village- Ralegaon Siddhi". http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/renew/rallegan.htm. Retrieved 2006-10-30. 
3. ^ Economy of Maharashtra @ webindia.com Suni System (P) Ltd. Retrieved on 2007-06-20

[hide] v • d • e State of Maharashtra Topics History · Geography · Economy · Tourism · Marathi language  · Culture Marathi people  · Marathi literature · Marathi cinema · Maharashtrian cuisine Regions Desh · Khandesh  · Konkan  · Marathwada  · Vidarbha Districts Ahmednagar · Akola · Amravati · Aurangabad · Beed · Bhandara · Buldhana · Chandrapur · Dhule · Gadchiroli · Gondia · Hingoli · Jalgaon · Jalna · Kolhapur · Latur · Mumbai (City) · Mumbai (Suburban) · Nagpur · Nanded · Nandurbar · Nashik · Osmanabad · Parbhani · Pune · Raigad · Ratnagiri · Sangli · Satara · Sindhudurg · Solapur · Thane · Wardha · Washim · Yavatmal Major cities Aurangabad · Amravati · Kolhapur · Latur · Mumbai · Navi Mumbai · Nagpur · Nashik · Nanded · Pune · Solapur · Thane Mumbai Metropolitan Region MMRDA · Mumbai · Navi Mumbai · Thane ·

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Vidarbha

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Vidarbha विदर्भ
Map of India with Vidarbha highlighted in red
Coordinates
Country	India
State	Maharashtra
Largest city	Nagpur
Population • Density	20,630,987 • 212 /km2 (549 /sq mi)[1]
Official languages	Marathi
Time zone	IST (UTC+5:30)
Area	97,321 km2 (37,576 sq mi)[1]

Vidarbha (Marathi/english: विदर्भ) is the eastern region of Maharashtra state made up of Nagpur Division and Amravati Division. It occupies 31.6% of total area and holds 21.3% of total population of Maharashtra^[1]. It borders the state of Madhya Pradesh to north, Chattisgarh to east, Andhra Pradesh to south and Marathwada and Khandesh regions of Maharashtra to west. Situated in central India Vidarbha has its own rich cultural and historical background distinct from rest of Maharashtra. The largest city in Vidarbha is Nagpur, second largest is Amravati followed by Akola, Gondia, Chandrapur and Yavatmal. A majority of Vidarbhians speak Varhadi a dialect of Marathi.

The region is famous for growing oranges and cotton. Vidarbha holds two-thirds of Maharashtra's mineral resources, three quarters of its forest resources and is a net producer of power^[2]. Throughout its history Vidarbha has remained much calmer during the communal troubles than the rest of India but it is plagued very much by poverty^[3] and malnutrition^[4]. It is less economically prosperous compared to the rest of Maharashtra.^[5]

In recent times, there have been calls for a separate state of Vidarbha, due to the continuous negligence from the Government of Maharashtra towards this region and the incompetent political leaderships in Vidarbha, except a few. The farmers in the state are living in the worst condition compared to the rest of India. There are more than 32,000 farmers suicides in Maharashtra in a decade, of which 70% being in the 11 districts of Vidarbha region ^[6]. Though rich in minerals, coal, forests and mountains, this region is always underdeveloped because of the continuous dominance of the political leaderships form the other parts of the state, especially Western Maharashtra. Though being culturally, politically and financially different than the rest of Maharashtra, the calls to a separate state come in picture only when the leaders from this region are sidelined by the other higher authorities in the govt. of Maharashtra ^[7]. It has largely become a myth as a separate Vidarbha state, mainly due to the opposition from the state political party Shiv Sena ^[8].

Contents [hide] 1 History 2 Geography 3 Administration & Politics 3.1 District Administration 3.2 Representation in Lok Sabha 3.3 Representation in Vidhan Sabha 4 Demographics 5 Separate Statehood Movement 6 Economy 6.1 Agriculture 6.2 Mineral wealth 6.3 Industry 7 Farmers' Suicides 8 Tourism 9 Scriptural Importance 10 Culture & People 11 See also 12 References 13 External links

[edit] History

Main article: Vidarbha Kingdom

map of Central Provinces and Berar regions of British India. Nagpur is shown as capital of Central provinces

Nagpur was the capital of the Bhonsle dynasty of Marathas who in the mid eighteenth century created an independent Hindu princely state that covered much of east-central India. After their defeat in the Third Anglo-Maratha War in 1818, the Bhonsle dominions were reduced to the Nagpur division. In 1853 the last Maharaja of Nagpur died without a male heir and subsequently Nagpur division was incorporated into mainstream British India. Nagpur division became a part of the British Raj's Central Provinces in 1861.

Amravati division, formerly known as Berar, was administered by the Nizam of Hyderabad until 1853. In that year, citing misgovernance by the Nizam, the British colonial administration took direct control over the province. Berar was added to the Central Provinces in 1903.

During India's independence struggle Nagpur hosted the sessions of Indian National Congress several times. Sevagram was arguably the capital of nationalistic India during the Gandhian era.

After India's independence in 1947, Central Provinces and Berar became the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. In 1956 Vidarbha was transferred to Bombay state along with all Marathi-speaking areas. In 1960 Bombay state was split along linguistic lines into the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat. Marathi-speaking Vidarbha became part of the state of Maharashtra.

[edit] Geography

Geographically Vidarbha lies on the northern part of Deccan Plateau. Unlike the Western Ghats, there are no major hilly areas . The Satpura Range lies to the north of Vidarbha region in Madhya Pradesh. The Melghat area of Amravati district is on southern offshoot of the Satpura Range^[9]. Large basaltic rock formations exists throughout Vidarbha caused by the Deccan lava trap. Gondia district is unique in Maharashtra in the sense that the entire area of the district is occupied by metamorphic rock and alluvium.^[10]. Buldhana has the Lonar crater created by impact of meteorite or comet. The eastern districts of Gondia, Bhandara, Gadchirolli and Nagpur fall in earthquake zone 1, which is considered safest in India, while other districts fall in zone 2.

Wainganga is the largest of all the Vidarbha rivers. Other major rivers that drain Vidarbha region are the Wardha, and Kanhan rivers which are all tributaries of Godavari river. In north, five small rivers Khandu, Khapra, Sipna, Gadga and Dolar along with Purna, are the tributaries of Tapti river.

[edit] Administration & Politics

Vidhan Bhavan at Nagpur hosts winter session of Maharashtra Assembly

Vidarbha comprises two divisions (Amravati and Nagpur). It has 11 districts namely, Amravati, Akola, Bhandara, Buldana, Chandrapur, Gadchiroli, Gondia, Nagpur, Wardha, Washim, Yavatmal.

[edit] District Administration

Each district has a collector's office which is responsible for day-to-day administration. The District Collector is a Central Indian Government appointee who is in charge of the governance of a district in a state.^[11] Nagpur city, the largest city in Vidarbha, has a special civic body, the Nagpur Improvement Trust, which along with Nagpur Municipal Corporation is responsible for overall development and planning activity. Other significant cities like Amravati and Akola too have their own municipal corporation. The corporators (representatives) in these civic bodies are elected via elections. Urban areas are split in different wards and each ward elects a representative. Rural areas have a panchayat raj system.

[edit] Representation in Lok Sabha

Vidarbha is represented at national level by 10 Lok sabha seats. Nagpur district which has the highest population density is split into 2 lok sabha seats of Nagpur and Ramtek while districts with lower population density like Chimur and Gadchiroli are clubbed together. Gondia-Bhandara seats has very important as Mr. Praful Patel basically from Gondia is MP from this lok sabha seat. Ramtek and Amaravati seats are reserved for Scheduled caste candidates only while Gadchiroli-Chimur is reserved for Scheduled Tribes.^[12]

[edit] Representation in Vidhan Sabha

Vidarbha is represented at state level by 62 assembly seats. Nagpur boasts the densest concentration of assembly seats with the city divided into 6 areas. Certain seats are reserved for Scheduled Tribe candidates only, while others are open to all to contest.^[13] As part of the Nagpur Pact the winter session of Maharashtra assembly is held as Nagpur Vidhan Bhavan.

[edit] Demographics

District	Male	Female	Total
Akola	841,253	788,986	1,630,239
Amravati	1,345,614	1,261,546	2,607,160
Bhandara	573,445	562,701	1,136,146
Buldana	1,147,403	1,085,077	2,232,480
Chandrapur	1,062,993	1,008,108	2,071,101
Gadchiroli	491,101	479,193	970,294
Gondiya	598,834	601,873	1,200,707
Nagpur	2,105,314	1,962,323	4,067,637
Wardha	638,990	597,746	1,236,736
Washim	526,094	494,122	1,020,216
Yavatmal	1,265,681	1,192,590	2,458,271

Vidarbha has total population of 20,630,987 according to the 2001 census of the government of India ^[14]. Hinduism is the predominant religion in this region. Buddhism is second most followed religion. This is unusual compared to the rest of Maharashtra and even most north Indian states where usually Islam is second most followed religion. The significant following of Buddhism is due to Dalit Buddhist movement started by Dr. B. R. Ambedkar.

Religious composition	Population	%
Hindus	15,866,514	76.906%
Buddhists	2,697,544	13.075%
Muslims	1,720,690	8.340%
Christians	70,663	0.343%
Sikhs	37,241	0.181%
Jains	89,649	0.435%
Others	127,516	0.618%
Religion not stated	21,170	0.103%
All Religions	20,630,987	100.000%

[edit] Separate Statehood Movement

1) 1853 :- After British conquests from Mughals and Marathas in central India, in 1853 "Nagpur Province" was formed with Nagpur as capital. It was administered by a commissioner under the central government. 2) 1861 :- "Central Province" was formed by britishers, with Nagpur as capitlal. 3) 1903 :- On 1 st october Berar was also placed under the administration of the commissioner of Central Provinces. It was now named as "Central Province and Berar". 4) 1935 :- Government of India Act , passed by British parliament formed provincial assembly, providing for an election. "Central Province and Berar" was kept a separate entity, with Nagpur as capital. 5) 1950 :- When constitution of India went into effect in 1950; "Central Province and Berar" became Madhya Pradesh , with Nagpur as capital. 6) 1956 :- "Vidarbha State" with Nagpur as capital was recommended by Fazal Ali commission (appointed in 1953) for reorganisation of states in India. 7) 1960 :- On 1 st of May the "Vidarbha state" , recommended by Fazal Ali commission for reorganisation of states, was merged with , newly formed Maharashtra State .

In recent years there have been sporadic calls by its population for Vidarbha to secede from Maharashtra. This is based in part on the feeling of being neglected by the Maharashtra state government and in part on assertion of a distinct political identity. The people have complained that the region has fallen behind others in Maharashtra in attracting investment and development funds. The region is comparatively poorly served by roads, irrigation facilities and educational institutions. However political movements for attaining statehood have failed to hold sway as their leaders have been considered opportunistic. Vidarbha Rajya Party and Vidarbha Rajya Nirman Congress are very small political parties created by leaders that have split from national level parties like INC. Only one national party - BJP has officially included demand for separate vidarbha state , in its national manifesto.

Vidarbha has total population of 20,630,987 according to the 2001 census of the government of India ^[15]. Though rich in minerals, coal, forests and mountains, this region is always underdeveloped primarily because of lack of agriculture.

The other complex point is the inclusion of old Berar Province or the Amravati division comprising the districts of Amravati, Buldhana, Akola, Washim and Yawatmal districts in the proposed Vidharbha state. Primary reason being the people in this western part of Vidharbha or the old Berar province are more inclined to be with Maharashtra, as they are culturally, socially and politically more similar to Khandesh and Marathwada regions in Maharashtra, and as also they were part of the erstwhile Nizams Hyderabad province, before being added to the former Central Provinces and Berar province.

[edit] Economy

Vidarbha's economy is primarily agricultural and also the region is rich in forest and mineral wealth. As per business point of view Chandrapur Amaravati and Nagpur are important cities of Vidarbha. Nagpur is a central hub for business. Amaravari is the city which is well know for film distributors and its cloth market. Chandrapur has the thermal power station which is one of the biggest thermal power station in india and some other heavy industries such as BILT (Paper Industry) MEL, steel industries, cement industries and coal mines.

A International cargo hub, (MIHAN), is being developed at Nagpur ^[16][17]. MIHAN will be used for handling heavy cargo coming from South-East Asia and Middle-East Asia. Project will also include Rs 10,000 crore (US$ 2.06 billion) Special Economic Zone (SEZ)^[18] for Information Technology (IT) companies. This will be the biggest development project in India so far ^[19].

Main article: Multi-modal International Cargo Hub and Airport at Nagpur

[edit] Agriculture

The main cash crops of the region are cotton, oranges and soya beans. Amravati is the largest Orange growing district. Traditional crops are sorghum (jowar), pearl millet (bajra) and rice. Gondia is the largest rice growing district.Gondia is a Rice city. Recently Vidarbha region has become infamous for a large number of farmer suicides occurring.
On 1 July 2006 the Prime Minister of India Manmohan Singh announced a Rs. 3,750-crore (Rupees 37.5 billion) relief package for Vidharbha. The package should help farmers in six districts of the region. However the package was not welcomed by most financial pundits and the journalist P Sainath wrote the following^[20] in the Hindu newspaper criticising the package and saying that it was destined to fail.

[edit] Mineral wealth

The Chandrapur, Gondia, Gadchiroli, Bhandara and Nagpur Districts form the main mineral belt, with coal and manganese as the major minerals. Chandrapur district alone contributes 29% of all mineral output of Maharashtra^[21]. Iron ore and limestone are identified as potential mining resources.^[22].

[edit] Industry

Traditionally Vidarbha has lagged behind western Maharashtra in industrial growth. Various incentives were granted to attract industries but have failed. Butibori Industrial Area MIDC outside Nagpur is one of the largest industrial areas in country but few industries have actually opened there. MIHAN an international cargo hub project is currently underway at Nagpur. The project aims to exploit the central location of Nagpur and convert the present airport into a major freight hub with integrated road and rail connectivity along with a Special Economic Zone. Ballarpur Industries, India's largest manufacturer and exporter of paper is located in Chandrapur district^[23].

[edit] Farmers' Suicides

Main article: Farmers' suicides in India

There have been more than 30,000 farmers who committed suicides in Maharashtra in the last decade, out of which more than 70% farmers belong to the 11 districts of Vidarbha region. This is mainly because of the infertility of the land, lack of ample amount of water resources, lack of new technologies and due to the negligence of the state govt. towards the farmers needs. The main crop in Vidarbha being Cotton, but the farmers growing it don't get their share from the govt., which lead to the high distress among them, leading to the massive suicides. Due to the absence of any responsible counseling either from the government or society there were many farmers who did not know how to survive in the changing economy. Such stresses pushed many into a corner where suicide became an option for them ^[24]. This also lead the farmers and others in this region to make a call for a separate Vidarbha state.

[edit] Tourism

All tiger reserves of Maharashtra are in Vidarbha: Kanha Tiger Reserve (outside province)

Vidarbha has lush green deciduous forests which are home to a variety of flora and fauna. These attract a large number of visitors each year. All Maharashtra's tiger reserves are located in Vidarbha. They are Melghat Tiger Reserve in Amravati district, Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve in Chandrapur district and Pench Tiger Reserve in Nagpur district.Nagzira wild life sentury and navegoan bandh National Park(bird sentury)of Gondia District is also very popular, Although the eastern region of the Vidarbha is poorer in natural resources in comparison with the west, it contains Maharashtra's oldest National Park created in 1955, the Tadoba Tiger Reserve spanning 575.78 km^2[25], one of India's 25 Project Tiger Reserves.^[26]

The National Park consists of two forested rectangles of the Tadoba and Andhari range. Aside from around 50 tigers, Tadoba Tiger Reserve is home to rare Indian wildlife like leopards, sloth bears, gaur, wild dogs, hyenas, civet and jungle cats, and many species of Indian deer like sambar, cheetal, nilgai, and barking deer. The Tadoba lake sustains the Marsh Crocodile, which were once common all over Maharashtra. Tadoba is also an ornithologist's paradise with a varied diversity of aquatic birdlife.

Thickly clad hills form the northern and western boundary of the Tiger Reserve. To the southwest is a huge lake which acts as a buffer between the park's forest and the extensive farmland which extends up to Irai Lake.

Adjacent to the core forested hills is the Chichghat valley which hosts the forest lodge^[27]. The Tadoba Tiger Reserve is an undisturbed forest not crowded by too many tourists. Tadoba Tiger Reserve is open throughout the year and is at three-hour road journey from the city of Nagpur.

[edit] Scriptural Importance

Aside from cultural distinctness from the rest of Maharashtra, Vidarbha has evolved historically in a different fashion. Many Scriptures mention Vidarbha as the location of:

• The marriage of Agastya and Lopamudra.
• Rukmini-haran (kidnapping of Rukmini) by god Krishna. Rukmini is described as the princess of the Vidarbha kingdom. Later Rukmini became one of the chief queens of Krishna.
• Kundinpur/Kaundinyapur/Kundinapuri, the mythological capital of Vidarbha has been mentioned in Mahabharata
• The story of king Nala and Damayanti, also in the Mahabharata.

Ramayana has the reference of Vidarbha as one on the Janapadas at that time.

Kalidasa's epic poem "Meghaduta" also mentions Vidarbha as the place of banishment of the Yaksha Gandharva.

[edit] Culture & People

Situated in central India, Vidarbha has a rich cultural and historical background distinct from rest of Maharashtra. Even though Marathi culture is most dominant, Vidarbha has been a melting pot of Telugu speaking people from south, Hindi speaking central India and tribal people of Chattisgarh. Vidarbha is famous for the Varhādi dialect of Marathi language spoken in the rest of Maharashtra. The Gadchiroli district of Vidarbha has large population of tribal people. Hindu festivals like holi, diwali and Dasara are celebrated throughout the region.^[28] . There are many prominent cultural and literary societies working in Vidarbha. Vidarbha Sahitya Sangh (for development of Marathi), Vidarbha Rashtrabhasha Prachar Samiti (promotion and spreading Hindi) and Vidarbha Hindi Sahitya Sammelan (for promoting Hindi). The Nagpur central museum (estb 1863) maintains collections that are mainly from Vidarbha.^[29] Cricket is the favorite sports as in rest of India and Nagpur's Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground (VCA) hosts international cricket matches.^[30]

Notable Indian figures from Vidarbha include Jamnalal Bajaj, K. B. Hedgewar, Madhav Sadashiv Golwalkar, Vinoba Bhave, Baba Amte, Ram Ganesh Gadkari, Pratibha Patil, S. K. Wankhede and C. K. Nayudu. Many other notable people like Vikram Pandit and Subramaniam Ramadorai were born in Nagpur. A BJP leader from Nagpur, Nitin Gadkari has become `national president` of the party Bharatiya Janata Party.

[edit] See also

• List of regions in India
• Nagpur
• Amravati
• Chandrapur
• Tadoba
• Chikhaldara
• Akola
• Malkapur, Buldana (Entrance of Vidarbha)
• Gondia (Gateway of Maharashtra)

The shegaon town located in akola district has given a very well known & popular saint Gajanan Maharaaj.

[edit] References

1. ^ ^{a b c} "Ref for both population and area"
2. ^ [1]
3. ^ "Vidarbha profile on rediff"
4. ^ "WHO declares Melghat as India's most malnutrition-hit area"
5. ^ "Understanding Underdevelopment in Vidarbha." By Sanjiv Phansalkar. IWMI-Tata Water Policy Program. Article listed here.
6. ^ http://www.thehindu.com/2007/11/14/stories/2007111453091100.htm
7. ^ Interview of Maharashtra Pradesh Congress Committee President-Mr. Ranjeet Deshmukh
8. ^ http://www.hindu.com/2004/03/23/stories/2004032301361300.htm
9. ^ New Page 2
10. ^ "Gondia geology"
11. ^ Districts Of Maharashtra
12. ^ http://www.eci.gov.in/election_maps/Results/PC/S13/S13_PC.jpg
13. ^ http://www.eci.gov.in/election_maps/Results/AC/S13/S13_AC.jpg
14. ^ "Census data online Maharashtra all districts"
15. ^ "Census data online Maharashtra all districts"
16. ^ "Maharashtra Airport Development Company Limited". www.madcindia.org. www.madcindia.org. http://www.madcindia.org/aboutmadc.htm. Retrieved 2008-05-14. 
17. ^ "Maharashtra Airport Development Company Limited". Press Information Bureau and Ministry of Civil Aviation. pib.nic.in. http://pib.nic.in/archieve/factsheet/2005/fscivil2005.pdf. Retrieved 2008-01-29. 
18. ^ ""Nagpur stakes claim to lead boomtown pack"". The Indian Express. http://www.indianexpress.com/story/3713.html. Retrieved 2006-06. 
19. ^ "Mihan is biggest development". timesofindia.indiatimes.com. timesofindia.indiatimes.com. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/Nagpur/Mihan_is_biggest_development_project/articleshow/2065727.cms. Retrieved 2007-05-22. 
20. ^ article
21. ^ Demography
22. ^ "Maharashtra Resources"
23. ^ "BALLARPUR INDUSTRIES LIMITED- BILT"
24. ^ Behere PB, Behere AP. Farmers' suicide in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra state: A myth or reality?. Indian J Psychiatry [serial online] 2008 [cited 2009 Oct 23];50:124-7. Available from: http://www.indianjpsychiatry.org/text.asp?2008/50/2/124/42401
25. ^ Tadoba Tiger Reserve
26. ^ Online Map
27. ^ [2] Tiger Trails website
28. ^ "PEOPLE AND THEIR CULTURE"
29. ^ Nagpur District Gazetteer
30. ^ "VCA profile on Cricinfo"

[edit] External links

• http://www.tigertrails.in

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Shiv Sena

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Shiv Sena Leader Balasaheb Thackeray Founded 1966 Headquarters Sena Bhavan, Mumbai Newspaper Saamna Ideology Bhumiputr (Marathi nationalism), Hindutva (Hindu nationalism) Alliance National Democratic Alliance Website www.shivsena.org Politics of India Political parties Elections Shiv Sena (Devanāgarī: शिव सेना Śiv Senā, meaning Army of Shiv, referring to Shivaji), is a far-right political party in India founded on June 19, 1966 by Balasaheb Thackeray. It is currently headed by Balasaheb's son, Uddhav Thackeray. The party originally emerged out of a movement in Mumbai, the then-Bombay, broadly favouring increased influence of Marathis in Maharashtra. It built a strong base amongst the Marathi community in the sixties based on its ideology that Maharashtra belonged to the Marathi community and that they be given preference over migrants from other Indian states. Although the party's primary base is still in Maharashtra, it has tried to expand to a pan-Indian base. Gradually the party moved from solely advocating a pro-Marathi ideology, to one supporting a broader Hindu nationalist agenda[citation needed] as it aligned itself with the Bharatiya Janata Party. The party has taken part in numerous Maharashtra state governments at several times and was a coalition partner in the National Democratic Alliance cabinet that ruled India between 1998-2004. Members of Shiv Sena are referred to as Shivsainiks. Contents [hide] 1 History 1.1 Origins 1.2 Early years 1.3 1995 election 1.4 Shift to Hindutva and alliance with the Bharatiya Janata Party 1.5 Raj Thackeray split 2 Party structure 3 Electoral performance 4 Recent electoral victories 5 Work 5.1 Claims of benefits to Maharashtraians 5.2 Dharavi emancipation 5.3 Improvements in infrastructure 5.4 Other 6 Controversy 6.1 Bhumiputr campaign 6.2 Party violence 6.3 Allegations of violence against Muslims 6.4 Claims of tempered stance 6.5 Meenatai desecration protests 6.6 Shiv Sena & MNS clashes 6.7 Legal support 6.8 SRK controversy 7 Attack on CNN-IBN offices 8 See also 9 External links 10 Further reading 11 See Also 12 References [edit] History [edit] Origins Part of a series on Hindu politics Concepts[show] Integral Humanism Hindu Nationalism Hindutva Cultural Nationalism The Third way Litigation-Free Model Swadeshi Uniform Civil Code Freedom Fighters[show] Lala Lajpat Rai Bal Gangadhar Tilak Bipin Chandra Pal Sri Aurobindo Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya Purushottam Das Tandon Vinayak Damodar Savarkar Keshava Baliram Hedgewar Political leaders[show] Syama Prasad Mookerjee Deendayal Upadhyaya Nanaji Deshmukh Atal Bihari Vajpayee Lal Krishna Advani Dr. Murli Manohar Joshi Bal Thackeray Narendra Modi Sushma Swaraj Major political parties[show] Bharatiya Janata Party Shiv Sena Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party Bharatiya Janshakti Party Akhil Bharatiya Jan Sangh Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha Shanti Party Nepal Hindu Prajatantrik Party Defunct parties Hindu Mahasabha Bharatiya Jana Sangh Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad Organisations Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh Vishwa Hindu Parishad Authors on Hindu politics[show] David Frawley Koenraad Elst François Gautier Sita Ram Goel K.S. Lal Harsh Narain Yvette Rosser Arun Shourie Ram Swarup Christophe Jaffrelot Bojil Kolarov Chetan Bhatt Walter K. Andersen   Politics portal Government of India portal v • d • e A poster from Shiv Sena's campaign against Valentines DayKolkata After the Independence of India in 1947, regional administrative divisions from the colonial era were gradually changed and states following linguistic borders were created. Within the Bombay Presidency a massive popular struggle was launched for the creation of a state for the Marathi-speaking people. In 1960 the presidency was divided into two linguistic states, Gujarat and Maharashtra. Moreover, Marathi-speaking areas of the erstwhile Hyderabad state were joined with Maharashtra. Mumbai, in many ways the economic capital of India, became the state capital of Maharashtra. On one hand, people belonging to the Gujarati and Marwari communities owned the majority of the industry and trade enterprises in the city.[1] On the other, there was a steady flow of South Indian migrants to the city, and who came to take over many white-collar employments. In 1960 Balasaheb Thackeray, a Mumbai-based cartoonist, began publishing the satirical cartoon weekly Marmik. Through this publication he started disseminating anti-migrant sentiments. On June 19, 1966, Thackeray founded the Shiv Sena as a political organisation. It should be noted that at the time of its foundation, the Shiv Sena was not a political party as such.[2] [edit] Early years The political approach of the Shiv Sena was centred around the concept of bhumiputr (sons of the soil), the idea that Maharashtra inherently belonged to the Marathi community. The Shiv Sena was thus born out of a feeling of resentment about the relative marginilization of the native Marathi people in their own state by people whom they perceived as outsiders.[3] The Shiv Sena especially attracted a large number of disgruntled and often unemployed Marathi youth, who were attracted by Thackeray's charged anti-migrant oratory. Shiv Sena cadres became involved in various attacks against the South Indian communities, vandalising South Indian restaurants and pressuring employers to hire Marathis.[4] Another main characteristic of the early years of the Shiv Sena was the frequent struggles against communist trade unions. Prior to the formation of the Shiv Sena, the Communist Party of India played a dominant role in labour politics in Mumbai. The Shiv Sena was supported by elements inside the Indian National Congress, who hoped that the new organization would be capable of weakening the communist trade union influence. Soon Shiv Sena cadres were involved in a series of violent conflicts with the communist trade union activists. In 1970 the CPI MLA of Dadar, Krishn Desai, was assassinated. CPI charged the Shiv Sena for the murder, and held Thackeray as responsible for the act. [edit] 1995 election The Shiv Sena-BJP combine won the 1995 Maharasthra state elections. After assuming state government power, Shiv Sena began to redress its organisation. A 'Shivsena Rajyapramukh Parishad' convention was held in Mumbai six months after the election. At the meeting a large number of local party leaders and representatives of various wings of the party participated. The meeting filled the function of reorienting the party organisation to adapt to the new tasks of being a party in government.It renamed Bombay as Mumbai.[5] [edit] Shift to Hindutva and alliance with the Bharatiya Janata Party The Sena started placing more weight on the Hindutva ideology in the 1970s as the hallmark 'sons of the soil' cause was weakening.[4] With the shift to Hindutva, Thackeray increasingly made some controversial moves against Muslims and neighboring Pakistan. The party has ruled the state in coalition with the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) from 1995-99. The Sena is the opposition party in the state along with the BJP since 1999. The Shiv Sena-BJP combine governs the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation. Traditionally the main strongholds of Shiv Sena have been Mumbai and the Konkan coastal areas. However, in the 2004 Lok Sabha elections the result was reversed. The Shiv Sena made inroads in the interior parts of the state, while suffering losses in Mumbai. [edit] Raj Thackeray split In July 2005 Narayan Rane was expelled from the party, which sparked internal conflict in the party. In December the same year Raj Thackeray, Bal Thackeray's nephew, left the party.[6] Raj Thackeray later founded a new party, Maharashtra Navnirman Sena (MNS). After the split, clashes have occurred between followers of the two Senas. Although the MNS is a break-away group from the Shiv Sena, the party is still based on Hindutva and Bhumiputra ideologies. When unveiling the party in an assembly at Shivaji Park he said, that everyone is anxious to see what will happen to Hindutva.[7] When unveiling, he also said, "I shall elaborate on the party's stance on issues like Hindutva, its agenda for development of Maharashtra and the significance of the party flag colours at the March 19 public meeting."[8] Raj Thackeray considers himself an Indian nationalist (not just a regionalist) and claims that the Congress is two-faced.[9] [edit] Party structure A Shiv Sena flyer in Nedumangad, Kerala As the Pramukh (Chief) of the party Balasaheb Thackeray takes all major decisions, and has claimed that he ran the Sena-Bharatiya Janata Party government of 1995 to 1999 with what he called a 'remote control.' Activists and members of the Shiv Sena call themselves Shiv Sainiks, and carry out most of the party's grassroots work. In recent times, Thackeray does not concern himself with day-to-day activities of the party, which is run by his youngest son Uddhav Thackeray. The recently refurbished Sena Bhavan located in the Dadar locality in Mumbai has served as the headquarters of the Sena since 1976.[10] The Sena's shakhas (Branches) spread throughout the state of Maharashtra as well as in selected locations in other states decide upon most of the local issues in their particular cities or towns.[4] [edit] Electoral performance e • d  Election Candidates Elected Votes Source 1971 Parliament 5 227468 [11] 1980 Parliament 2 129351 [12] 1989 Parliament 3 1 339426 [13] 1989 Goa Assembly 6   4960 [14] 1991 Parliament 22 4 2208712 [15] 1993 Madhya Pradesh Assembly 88 75783 [16] 1996 Parliament 132 15 4989994 [17] 1996 Haryana Assembly 17 6700 [18] 1997 Punjab Assembly 3 719 [19] 1998 Parliament 79 6 6528566 [20] 1998 Delhi Assembly 32 9395 [21] 1998 Himachal Pradesh Assembly 6 2827 [22] 1999 Parliament 63 15 5672412 [23] 1999 Goa Assembly 14   5987 [24] 2000 Orisa Assembly 16   18794 [25] 2001 Kerala Assembly 1   279 [26] 2002 Goa Assembly 15   [27] 2004 Parliament 56 12 7056255 [28] 2009 Parliament 22 11 6828382 [29] [edit] Recent electoral victories The Shiv Sena achieved electoral victories in local Maharashtra elections on February 2007, together with their partner the Bharatiya Janata Party in the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation, and are set for another five year term.[30] They have achieved this on the platform of preference to Maharashtrians, which appealed to their vote bloc. The victory was noteworthy for reasons more than one. It means that by 2012, when the next BMC elections are due, the Shiv Sena would have ruled over Mumbai for an uninterrupted spell of 20 years. It was also a relief to the Junior Thackeray who personally supervised the campaign strategy.[31] The Sena-led combine, which had suffered serious reverses in all the assembly by-elections in the past two years got 111 of the 227 seats. Out of the declared 226 seats, the Sena has won 83 seats, BJP 28, the left-wing opponents, the Indian National Congress won 71, and other opposition groups Nationalist Congress Party won 14 and MNS won 7.[30][31] [edit] Work This article's tone or style may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. Specific concerns may be found on the talk page. See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions. (June 2008) [edit] Claims of benefits to Maharashtraians Supporters of the Sena have claimed that the party has benefited the Marathi Manus (Marathi man) in Mumbai,[32] especially in the public sector.[33] [edit] Dharavi emancipation The Sena claims to have played a central role in the emancipation of 500,000 slum dwellers in the Dharavi area of Mumbai, the largest slum in Asia.[34] However, the state's policy of giving free houses to slum dwellers has been mired in controversy ever since it was introduced by the Shiv Sena-BJP government a decade ago.[35][36] [edit] Improvements in infrastructure In addition, the Sena has been active in trying to improve infrastructure in Maharashtra, particularly in the financial capital of Mumbai. Nearly 40 flyovers in Mumbai and the Mumbai-Pune Expressway were constructed under the Shiv Sena administration, which led to a significant infrastructural boom in Mumbai. While successive State governments have been guilty of neglecting Mumbai's transport problems, the erstwhile Shiv Sena-BJP government drastically altered the course. As quoted by a local newspaper, " by initiating a range of road schemes, the Sena unequivocally opted for private, motorised transport in preference to public transport."[37] These moves have been a crucial factor in its increasing popularity within India and the promises of further improvement have boosted the Shiv Sena's campaigns. [edit] Other Shiv Sena was involved in violence in Kathua, Jammu and Kashmir on July 14, 2008, as they were blocked by Central Reserve Police Force personnel from marching towards Jammu city.[38] The Sena was demonstrating against a decision by the government of Kashmir to not hand over land to a Hindu shrine board, as the proposal had caused some of the largest protests in Kashmir's history, and stirred resentment and fears of "demographic dilution". Shiv Sena has raised the squadron on occasion since at least 1987, when 125 activists participated in what was termed "morale boosting" activities aimed at strengthening the Hindu community in Punjab during the 1980s insurgency there.[39] The group also vowed to send this squad to Srinagar in 2004 to hoist the Indian flag at the city's main intersection, Lal Chowk.[40] Later that year, the Shiv Sena attempted to disrupt India and Pakistan from playing cricket in Delhi.[41] Shiv Sena claims the members are willing to sacrifice their lives for what they believe is India's rightful existence as a Hindu nation.[38] [edit] Controversy This article's tone or style may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. Specific concerns may be found on the talk page. See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions. (June 2008) [edit] Bhumiputr campaign During its early years, the Sena occasionally resorted to violence and threats against people belonging to other Indian communities as part of its 'sons of the soil' ideology. In the early years of the Sena, the party's widely circulated Marathi language-weekly Marmik was instrumental in inflaming the anti-migrant sentiment in Mumbai's Maharashtrians.[42] Thackeray, then a cartoonist for the Free Press journal, initially targeted the growing number of South Indians by inflammatory slogans like "lungi hatao pungi bajao" (referring to the lungi, a Marathi word for the traditional men's dress in South India),[4] and "yendu gundu" (a derogatory description of the Dravidian languages spoken by the people from South India).[43] During this period, Shiv Sainiks launched a string of attacks on the South-Indian owned Udupi restaurants that were becoming popular in Mumbai.[42] In a similar manner, Thackeray later targeted Gujaratis, Marwaris, Biharis, and other Muslims from North Indian states like Uttar Pradesh ('UPites') through his speeches.[44] Moreover, Thackeray threatened a number of local industrialists and businessmen with action unless they offered preferential employment to Maharashtraian people. [edit] Party violence The Sena has been accused of being involved in coordinated political violence in order to propagate its ideologies and attack opposing ideologies. For this reason, it has sometimes been described as a militant right-wing group. In the 1970s, Shiv Sena members were accused as responsible for killing, Communist Party of India (CPI) Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) from the Parel neighbourhood in Central Mumbai. However, the attackers were not indicted for murder.[45] On February 8, 2006, Sena workers, led allegedly by Sena's student wing, attacked the office of the Zee TV channel, ransacking and damaging the office. The attack came in response to a satirical skit titled 'Kaka mala Vachva' (Marathi for 'Uncle, protect me'), staged during the awards function hosted by the channel at the Bandra-Kurla complex. The skit was reportedly a comment on the power tussle within the Thackeray family, which ultimately resulted in the exit of Thackeray's nephew Raj from the party some time ago.[46] In addition to its campaign against non-Maharashtraians in Mumbai, the Shiv Sena protests have been known to break down into violence and force in public in the name of protecting Hindutv from what it deems as corrupting western influences. The party has been involved in organized protests, pickets, market shutdowns and strikes that have been known to degenerate into violent clashes and in some instances riots. For instance, Shiv Sena activists have attacked shops in Mumbai selling gifts for Valentine's Day as part of the party's campaign against 'vulgar' western influences on youth.[47] Likewise, in 1998, Shiv Sainiks attacked movie theatres in Mumbai screening director Deepa Mehta's Fire, a highly controversial film based on a lesbian theme on the grounds that such films violated Hindu ethos and were immoral for Hindus to watch. As a result, the screening of the movie was withdrawn. Later, members of the Sena's Varanasi branch launched aggressive protests against the filming of Mehta's Water, on the grounds that such films were made with the designs of intentionally defaming Hinduism by portraying Varanasi and other holy cities in an inaccurate and negative light.[48] As a result of the protests, the location for shooting the film was shifted to the neighbouring Sri Lanka.[49] [edit] Allegations of violence against Muslims The Shiv Sena has also been accused of orchestrating violence against Muslims. The Sena is widely alleged to have played an active role in the riots in Mumbai following the demolition of the Babri Mosque in 1992 in the north-Indian holy city of Ayodhya. On 23 January 1993, the then Congress-led Government of Maharashtra appointed Justice B.N. Srikrishna (then a sitting Judge of the Bombay High Court) to head a one-man commission with the task of investigating the riots. The Commission indicted the Sena for its direct involvement in coordinating the anti-Muslim riots, and accused Thackeray of "commanding his loyal Shiv Sainiks to retaliate by organised attacks against Muslims."[50] However, Thackeray was absolved of all criminal charges in July 2000 after seven years of judicial proceedings.[51] Additionally, as part of their efforts to hamper any collaboration between India and the Muslim dominated Pakistan, Shiv Sainiks have resorted to damaging cricket pitches in stadiums where the Indian and Pakistani cricket team were scheduled to play. The two most prominent instances of the Sena's targeting pitches are the destruction of the pitch at Mumbai's Wankhede Stadium in 1991 and the vandalizing of the Feroz Shah Kotla Grounds pitch in national capital Delhi in 1999.[52] The Sena orchestrated these activities in an atmosphere of growing tensions between the two nations. [edit] Claims of tempered stance In an interview in 1998, Thackeray claims to have tempered his stance on many issues that the Shiv Sena had with Muslims, particularly regarding the Babri Mosque or Ramjanmabhoomi issue, saying: "We must look after the Muslims and treat them as part of us, as long as they are loyal to the nation, to the Constitution of Hindustan."[53] In addition, some members of the Sena claim that the party does not discriminate on the basis of religion and is based on pure nationalism.[54] [edit] Meenatai desecration protests On July 9, 2006, after some unidentified individuals desecrated the statue of Meenatai (the late wife of Bal Thackeray), Shiv Sainiks blocked roads at Dadar in central Mumbai and damaged a police outpost,[55] and later launched statewide protests mired with isolated incidences of violence in Nagpur, Pune, Nashik and other cities in Maharashtra.[56] [edit] Shiv Sena & MNS clashes On October 10, 2006 clashes erupted between supporters of Shiv Sena and Maharashtra Navnirman Sena (MNS) headed by Raj Thackery. It was alleged that workers of MNS had tore the posters bearing the photographs of Shiv Sena Supremo Bal Thackrey near the SIES college in Mumbai. Later as retaliation it was alleged that Shiv Sena workers brought down the hoardings with Raj Thackrey's photo near the Sena Bhavan at Dadar. As the news spread about the incident groups gathered near the Sena Bhavan and started pelting stones at each other. In this incident a policeman was injured and many supporters of both parties were injured. To restore normalcy in the situation the police fired tear gas shells at the mob. Normalcy was eventually restored following police action and the appearance of Uddhav Thackeray and his cousin Raj Thackeray on the spot. Uddhav appealed to Sena workers to go back home.[57] He said: "The police will take necessary action. This is happening because many people are joining us from MNS. The defections have started and that is why they are resorting to such actions".[57] The division chief of the Shiv Sena Milind Vaidya said that they had lodged a complaint with the local police against an MNS worker who was involved in the incident. MNS general secretary Pravin Darekar, however, pinned the cause down to local elections in the SIES college. He alleges that the Sena is concerned about losing their hold over the colleges and that is why they are trying to color the issue, adding that the Sena's allegations had no merit. Raj Thackeray asserts that MNS could not have vandalized the pictures, seeing as how he and his members revere Bal Thackeray.[58] [edit] Legal support Shiv Sena voiced support to the terror accused of the Malegaon bombings of 2008, Pragya Singh Thakur.[59] [edit] SRK controversy Since early February 2010, the party has held to ransom, the release of a much awaited Bollywood film, My Name Is Khan, directed by Karan Johar, starring Shahrukh Khan as the lead actor. Menacing dictates came from the sena chiefs to stop the release of the film following comments by the actor in support of inclusion of Pakistani players in the Indian Premier League, 2010, as well as his comments where he had rightfully stated that he was and "Indian first" as opposed to being a person of the state first. His being a north Indian (v.s.) and belonging to the Muslim community added to his plight in the city that is "controlled" by the sena, though not ruled by it. The matter seemed resolved for a while, but in spite of making a public statement that they will not disrupt the screening, shiv sena cadres have been burning posters and objecting to the release. Over 1600 people have been taken into preventive custody and over 10,000 police presonelle deployed to protect movie theaters against wanton violence by the sena. [edit] Attack on CNN-IBN offices The offices of Hindi and Marathi TV news channels IBN-7 and IBN-Lokmat in Mumbai and Pune were attacked and vandalised by Shiv Sena activists on 20 November 2009.[60] Shiv Sena attributed the attacks to the criticisms of Bal Thackeray by the news channel over his remarks on Sachin Tendulkar. Shiv Sena Rajya Sabha MP Sanjay Raut described the attacks as "spontaneous". Various Shiv Sena spokespersons have been justifying the attacks.[61][62] [edit] See also Maharashtra Navnirman Sena Zakir Naik Nepal Shivsena Shivsena Nepal Hindu nationalist parties Marathi Regionalism Asom Sena [edit] External links Official Shiv Sena newspaper Official Shiv Sena party website Shiv Sena Worli Shakha Shiv Sena Kerala Shiv Sena Shrivardhan [edit] Further reading Books — Marathi Bhosale, Harshad (2004): 'Mumbai Mahanagarpalika Nivadnuk' in Palshikar Suhas and Nitin Birmal (eds), Maharashtrache Rajkaran Pratima, Pune. Maharashtratil Sattantar, Vora Rajendra and Suhas Palshikar, Granthali, Mumbai 1996 Bhosale,Harshad(2006),"Mumbaichya Vikasacha Arthik, Rajakiya Ani Samajik Sandarbha",in Bi monthly APLA PARAM MITRA, Sept-October 2006,year 5,issue-3. Books — English Ethnicity and Equality: The Shiv Sena Party and Preferential Policies in Bombay, MF Katzenstein - 1979 - Cornell University Press Warriors in Politics: Hindu Nationalism, Violence, and the Shiv Sena in India, S Banerjee - 2000 - Westview Press The Sena Story, Purandare Vaibhav, Business Publications, Mumbai,(1999) The Charisma of Direct Action: Power, Politics, and the Shiv Sena, JM Eckert - 2003 - Oxford University Press Nativism in a Metropolis: The Shiv Sena in Bombay, D Gupta - 1982 – Manohar (OUP 1996) Shiv Sena: An Assessment, Palshikar, Suhas, Department of Politics and Public Administration, University of Pune, Pune (1999) Maximum City: Bombay Lost and Found, 'Power', chapter 3, Mumbai, Mehta, Suketu, Penguin Books(2005) Articles The Rebirth of Shiv Sena: The Symbiosis of Discursive and Organizational Power, Mary Fainsod Katzenstein, Uday Singh Mehta, Usha Thakkar, The Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. 56, No. 2 (May, 1997), pp. 371-390 Saffronisation of the Shiv Sena, J Lele — Bombay: Metaphor for Modern India, 1995 Cultural Populism: The Appeal of the Shiv Sena, G Heuzé — Bombay: Metaphor for Modern India, 1995 The Shiv Sena's new avatar: Marathi chauvinism and Hindu communalism, R Sardesai - Politics in Maharashtra, 1995 The Rhetoric of Hindu Nationalism: A Narrative of Mythic Redefinition, Robert C. Rowland, Abhik Roy; Western Journal of Communication, Vol. 67, 2003 Regenerating Masculinity in the Construction of Hindu Nationalist Identity: A Case Study of Shiv Sena, Abhik Roy, Communication Studies, Volume 57, Number 2 / June 2006, The Feminization of Violence in Bombay: Women in the Politics of the Shiv Sena, S Banerjee - Asian Survey, 1996 The vernacularisation of Hindutv: The BJP and Shiv Sena in rural Maharashtra, Thomas Blom Hansen Contributions to Indian Sociology, Vol. 30, No. 2, 177-214 (1996) The Shiv Sena: A Movement in Search of Legitimacy R Joshi - Asian Survey, 1970 Origins of Nativism: The Emergence of Shiv Sena in Bombay MF Katzenstein - Asian Survey, 1973 Sardesai, Rajdeep 'Shiv Sena's New Avatar: Marathi Chauvinism and Hindu Communalism' in Usha Thakkar and Mangesh Kulkarni (eds), Politics in Maharashtra, Himalaya, Mumbai, pp 127–46 (1995) " City of Mongrel Joy": Bombay and the Shiv Sena in Midnight's Children and The Moor's Last Sigh, R Trousdale - JOURNAL OF COMMONWEALTH LITERATURE, 2004 articles available in net The Shiv Sena: An Eruption of Subnationalism, Morkhandikar R S, Economic and Political Weekly, October 21, pp 1903–06 (1967 Shiv Sena: A Tiger with Many Faces? S Palshikar - Economic and Political Weekly, 2004 The Charisma of Autocracy Bal Thackeray's Dictatorship in Shiv Sena J Eckert — MANUSHI, 2002 Shiv Sena andNational'Hinduism, G Heuze — ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL WEEKLY, 1992 [edit] See Also Zakir Naik [edit] References ^ ""Sena fate: From roar to meow"". The Times of India. 2005-11-29. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/msid-1311115,prtpage-1.cms. Retrieved 2006-08-11.  ^ Shiv Sena Shakha no. 111 ^ ""Shiv Sena On The Threshold Of Disintegration"". The Indian Express via www.countercurrent.org. http://www.countercurrents.org/comm-ketkar011104.htm. Retrieved 2006-07-22.  ^ a b c d ""Know Your Party: Shiv Sena"". Rediff.com. http://in.rediff.com/election/2004/apr/23espec3.htm. Retrieved 2006-07-22.  ^ Blom Hansen, Thomas. Wages of violence: naming and identity in postcolonial Mumbai. Princeton; Princeton University Press, 2002. p. 200 ^ BBC ^ P. 1048 Indian Political Parties Annual, 2006 By Mahendra Gaur. ^ "Raj Thackeray launches new party", Press Trust of India - Updated: Thursday, March 09, 2006 at 1914 hours IST ^ P. 1048 Indian Political Parties Annual, 2006 By Mahendra Gaur ^ ""Thackeray inaugurates new Sena bhavan"". NDTV news. http://www.ndtv.com/morenews/showmorestory.asp?category=National&slug=Thackeray+inaugurates+new+Sena+bhavan&id=90718. Retrieved 2006-07-29.  ^ [1] ^ TitlePage-VolI_LS99.PDF ^ TitlePage-VolI_LS99.PDF ^ List Of Political Parties ^ [2] ^ rptDetailedResults ^ http://www.eci.gov.in/StatisticalReports/LS_1996/Vol_I_LS_96.pdf ^ TitlePage_HR-96.PDF ^ TitlePage_PU-96.PDF ^ http://www.eci.gov.in/StatisticalReports/LS_1998/Vol_I_LS_98.pdf ^ rptProgrammeOFElections ^ rptProgrammeOFElections ^ http://www.eci.gov.in/StatisticalReports/LS_1999/Vol_I_LS_99.pdf ^ TitlePageGA99.PDF ^ TitlePage_OR_LA_2000.PDF ^ http://archive.eci.gov.in/SE2001/pollupd/ac/candlwc/s11/s11shsacnst.htm ^ [] ^ http://www.eci.gov.in/StatisticalReports/LS_2004/Vol_I_LS_2004.pdf ^ [3] ^ a b http://www.ndtv.com/template/template.asp?template=BMCpolls&id=100333&callid=1 ^ a b http://www.moneycontrol.com/india/news/currentaffairs/rajthackeraynarayanranes/shivsenavictory/market/stocks/article/265340 ^ ""On the wrong track"". The Hindu. http://www.hinduonnet.com/2003/11/24/stories/2003112400851000.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-11.  ^ ""Sena fate: From roar to meow"". The Times of India. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/msid-1311115,prtpage-1.cms. Retrieved 2006-08-11.  ^ pRediff News. ^ 'Highrises don't suit Dharavi slum dwellers' ^ Dharavi slum will be economic hub: Joshi ^ Driving to nowhere ^ a b "Shiv Sena activists go on rampage, lathi-charged". http://www.kashmirtimes.com. http://www.kashmirtimes.com. Retrieved 2008-07-09.  ^ http://www.hinduunity.com/articles/bharathistory/nationalintegration1.html ^ http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20031006/punjab1.htm#18 ^ http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2005041518520300.htm&date=2005/04/15/&prd=th& ^ a b ""'The General' in his labyrinth"". The Hindu. http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1518/15180200.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-11.  ^ ""NCP attracts EC ire on campaign spoofs"". Yahoo News. http://in.news.yahoo.com/041006/149/2h4uc.html. Retrieved 2006-08-06.  ^ ""Profile: Bombay's militant voice"". BBC news. 2000-07-19. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/841488.stm. Retrieved 2006-07-13.  ^ ""Revolt In The Shiv Sena: death-knell for a fascist party?"". The Kashmir Times accessed via website of the Europe Solidaire Sans Frontières association. http://www.europe-solidaire.org/article.php3?id_article=1033. Retrieved 2006-07-22.  ^ ""Bala Saheb justifies attack on Zee TV"". The Indian Express. http://www.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=62618. Retrieved 2006-08-16.  ^ ""Tough love for Indian Valentines"". BBC news. 2001-02-14. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/1169077.stm. Retrieved 2006-07-13.  ^ ""Controversial film 'Water' cleared"". BBC News. 2000-02-03. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/629578.stm. Retrieved 2006-08-13.  ^ "" 'Opposition to Water was very traumatic' "". The Times of India. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1844426.cms. Retrieved 2006-08-13.  ^ ""The Shiv Sena indicted"". The Hindu Frontline Magazine. http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1517/15170200.htm. Retrieved 2008-08-08.  ^ ""Firebrand Thackeray let off the hook"". The Asian Times online edition. http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/BG27Df01.html. Retrieved 2008-08-08.  ^ ""Spreading its wings"". The Hindu Frontline Magazine. http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1602/16020280.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-13.  ^ http://www.rediff.com/news/1998/jan/21nandy.htm ^ Rediff Know your Party: Shiv Sena ^ ""Shiv Sainiks run amok, Maha on high alert"". The Indian Express. http://www.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=70757. Retrieved 2006-07-09.  ^ ""Maharashtra faces the wrath of Shiv Sena"". The Hindustan Times. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1719734.cms. Retrieved 2006-07-22.  ^ a b ""Shiv Sena workers, Raj supporters clash"". The Hindu. http://www.hindu.com/2006/10/11/stories/2006101118921800.htm. Retrieved 2006-10-17.  ^ ""Sena vs new Sena, 30 injured"". The Indian Express. http://cities.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=204676. Retrieved 2006-10-18.  ^ Real masterminds at large, Pragya a victim: Sena ^ In the name of their Boss, Sena goons attack IBN TV channels http://www.indianexpress.com/news/time-for-cnn-ibn-to-introspect/544428/ ^ If you target us, we will attack: Shiv Sena leader http://ibnlive.in.com/news/if-you-target-us-we-will-attack-shiv-sena-leader/105645-3.html ^ SHIV SENA ATTACKS IBN OFFICES, GLOATS http://ibnlive.in.com/news/shiv-sena-attacks-ibn-offices-in-mumbai-pune/105636-3.html [hide] v • d • e Political parties in India Current National coalitions Left Front - National Democratic Alliance - United Progressive Alliance - Third Front Former National coalitions Janata Party - National Front - United Front Major Recognized national parties Bharatiya Janata Party - Indian National Congress Other recognized national parties Bahujan Samaj Party - Communist Party of India - Communist Party of India (Marxist) - Nationalist Congress Party - Rashtriya Janata Dal Recognized state parties All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam - All India Forward Bloc - All India Trinamool Congress - Arunachal Congress - Asom Gana Parishad - Assam United Democratic Front - Biju Janata Dal - Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam - Indian National Lok Dal - Jammu & Kashmir National Conference - Jammu & Kashmir National Panthers Party - Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party - Janata Dal (Secular) - Janata Dal (United) - Jharkhand Mukti Morcha - Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik) - Kerala Congress - Kerala Congress (Joseph) - Kerala Congress (Mani) - Lok Jan Shakti Party - Lok Satta Party - Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party - Maharashtra Navnirman Sena - Manipur Peoples Party - People's Liberation Army of Manipur - Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam - Meghalaya Democratic Party - Mizo National Front - Mizoram People's Conference - Muslim League Kerala State Committee - Nagaland People's Front - National People's Party - Pattali Makkal Katchi - Praja Rajyam Party - Pudhucherry Munnetra Congress - Rashtriya Lok Dal - Revolutionary Socialist Party - Samajwadi Party - Save Goa Front - Shiromani Akali Dal - Shiv Sena - Sikkim Democratic Front - Telangana Rashtra Samithi - Telugu Desam Party - United Democratic Party - Uttarakhand Kranti Dal - Zoram Nationalist Party Other parties in parliament All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen - Bahujan Vikas Aaghadi - Bodoland People's Front - Haryana Janhit Congress (BL) - Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist) - Swabhimani Paksha - Swatantra Bharat Paksh - Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katch Other unrecognized, new-born or parties with limited presence. 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